Njengomthengisi wamabhasi osebenzile onolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka engama-25,I-I-Ningbo Haishu Honglong Automobile Service Co., Ltd.uye waqongelela ubuchwepheshe obujulile kanye nedumela eliqinile embonini yamabhasi asetshenzisiwe. Phakathi kwebanga lemikhiqizo yethu eyahlukahlukene, Amabhasi Kaphethiloli Asetshenzisiwe ayaqhubeka nokusebenza njengendlela yokuhamba ethembekile nephumelelayo kubasebenzisi abaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokusebenza kwawo okuzinzile, ukunakekelwa okuvumelana nezimo, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kokuqala, amabhasi asebenza ngophethiloli ahlala eyinketho ekhethwayo kumakhasimende ezifundeni lapho ingqalasizinda kagesi noma ingxubevange isathuthuka. I-Honglong ithola ngokucophelela futhi ihlole ibhasi ngalinye likaphethiloli elisetshenzisiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iyunithi ngayinye ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zethu eziqinile zekhwalithi, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle.
Amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe mancane kakhulu ukuya kosayizi omaphakathi, anobude bomzimba ngokuvamile obuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-7-10. Ukwakheka kwazo okuminyene nokushesha kuzenza ziyifanelekele kahle imigwaqo emincane, imizila ebukekayo, nezimo zemigwaqo yasemakhaya eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isakhiwo somzimba sakhiwe kusetshenziswa amandla aphezulu, insimbi engasindi, enciphisa ngempumelelo isisindo sonke ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuqina komzimba, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuphatha kahle kanye nomnotho wamafutha.
Mayelana nomklamo wangaphandle, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe agcizelela inhlanganisela yokukhanga kwentsha nokusebenza. Imikhiqizo evamile efana ne-Yutong ne-King Long ifaka imiklamo yangaphambili eyindilinga; izibani ngokuvamile zisebenzisa imiklamo edidiyelwe, ehlanganisa imishayo ephakeme nephansi, amasignali aphendukayo, nezibani zasemini, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kokushayela ebusuku nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwangaphambili. Imibala yomzimba ngokuyinhloko imhlophe futhi i-silver-gray, nezimoto ezithile zendawo ebukekayo ezinomdwebo owenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze uhambisane nendawo ebonakalayo futhi uthuthukise umuzwa wezivakashi. Idizayini yangemuva ilula futhi icocekile, ifakwe isibani sebhuleki esibekwe phezulu kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esifakwe ngaphambili sekhamera ehlehlayo, esiza ukuthuthukiswa nokulungisa okuzayo.
Izinjini zikaphethiloli ziyinzuzo enkulu yokuncintisana yamabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe, izinzuzo zawo ezibaluleke kakhulu wukuqala okulula nokusabela ngokushesha. Ngokusebenzisa isistimu yokuthungela inhlansi, angaqala ngokushesha ngaphandle kokushisisa kuqala ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi, okuwenza afaneleke kakhulu ukusebenza ebusika basenyakatho noma ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Injini inobubanzi be-RPM ebanzi kanye nokusabela kwe-throttle ebucayi, okuholela ekusheshiseni okushelelayo nokudlula, okuyenza ibe ilungele imigwaqo yasemadolobheni nezindlela ezibukekayo lapho kudingeka khona ukuqala nokuma njalo.
Ukuhambisana nekhabhoni kungenye into egqamile kakhulu yamabhasi kaphethiloli. Amabhasi amaningi kaphethiloli asetshenziswe iminyaka emi-3-5 asevele ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwe-China V noma i-China VI, okuwenza afanelekele ngokuqondile ukusebenza ezindaweni eziyinhloko zedolobha nelesibili kanye nezindawo ezinhle ezinezidingo eziqinile zokukhipha umoya, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe ekuthuthukisweni kokukhipha umoya. Mayelana nokulawula umsindo, izinjini zikaphethiloli zingama-decibel angu-5-8 athule kunezinjini zikadizili ezinamandla afanayo, okuvumela ingxoxo evamile ngaphakathi ebhasini ngaphandle kokudinga ukuphakamisa izwi, okwenza ngcono kakhulu ulwazi lwabagibeli.
Ukucushwa kwezihlalo kubeka phambili ukusebenziseka nokunethezeka, kusetshenziswa ukugcwaliswa kwegwebu eliphindwe kabili elinokuminyana okuphezulu kanye nama-engeli aguquguqukayo we-backrest ukuze kudambise ngempumelelo ukukhathala ohambweni olufushane ukuya kwebanga eliphakathi. Izihlalo zezihlalo zenziwa kakhulu ngesikhumba se-faux esingagugi futhi esingafaki amabala, esivumela ukuhlanzwa okuqondile ngendwangu emanzi, okunciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke. Ezinye izinhlobo ezinamamayela aphansi okusebenza nazo zinezindawo zokuphumuza ezingalungiseka kanye nobude be-headrest, okuthuthukisa nokunethezeka kwabagibeli.
Isistimu ye-air conditioning ithuthukiselwe ukusebenza kwebanga elifushane ukuya kweliphakathi, isebenzisa isiphephelo-moya esizimele esifakwe ophahleni. Lolu hlelo luphinde lube nomsebenzi ozimele womoya ohlanzekile, oshintsha umoya wangaphakathi njalo ngehora, ukuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo izinkinga zephunga ezindaweni ezivalekile, okulenze lifaneleke kakhulu izimo zethrafikhi ephezulu njengezithuthuthu zendawo ebukekayo.
Mayelana nezokuphepha, wonke amabhasi asetshenziswa uphethiloli afakwe i-ABS anti-lock braking system, EBD electronic brakeforce distribution system, nama-airbag omshayeli nabagibeli. Amanye amamodeli nawo athuthukisiwe nge-radar ehlehlayo kanye nesistimu yekhamera. Isistimu yokubhuleka isebenzisa idiski yangaphambili kanye nomklamo wesigubhu sangemuva, kuhlanganiswe ne-vacuum booster, eqinisekisa ukusabela okusheshayo kwebhuleki kanye nebanga lokubhuleka elingaphansi kwamamitha angu-45 ukusuka ku-100 km/h, okuhlinzeka isiqiniseko esithembekile sokuphepha kokusebenza.
Ezimweni zezokuvakasha nezokwakha iqembu, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenziswa kakhulu angathuthukiswa ngezici zokuzijabulisa. Izinketho ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukisa zihlanganisa izikrini ze-LCD zemoto, amasistimu omsindo ozungezile, nezimbobo zokushaja ze-USB. Amanye amamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu abuye abe nesikhala esibekelwe ukufakwa kwemojula ye-WiFi, ehlangabezana nokuzijabulisa kwabagibeli kanye nezidingo zomsebenzi phakathi nohambo. Izimoto ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibukekayo zingabuye zenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo ngamasistimu omhlahlandlela womsindo ohehayo, zisakaze ngokuzenzakalela izingeniso zezindawo ezihehayo ezigudle umzila ngohlelo lomsindo wemoto, okuthuthukisa ulwazi lwabavakashi.
Ezimweni zokuya emsebenzini, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe angashintshwa abe izimoto ezincane zokwamukela amabhizinisi. Ngemva kokususa izihlalo ezithile, kungase kumiswe itafula elincane lenkomfa kanye nendawo yekhefu letiye, efakwe okhaphethi bezinga lebhizinisi kanye nezibani ezizungezile, futhi kunganezelwa ama-rack ophahleni noma amakhompathi okugcina enziwe ngokwezifiso, alungele izimo ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengokuya emsebenzini kubaphathi bezinkampani kanye nokuthathwa nokwehliswa kwamakhasimende.
Ukuthembeka kwamabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe kusizakala ezinhlelweni zamandla avuthiwe kanye nemiklamo yesakhiwo eyenziwe lula. Izinjini zikaphethiloli zinezingxenye ezimbalwa ezicishe zibe ngu-20% kunezinjini zikadizili, okunciphisa amathuba okuhluleka, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokusebenza zokuqalisa kokuma kwemvamisa ephezulu, okubonisa ukuzinza okuqinile.
Umzimba wemoto wamukela umklamo we-semi-monocoque, wenze lula ukwakheka kwe-chassis futhi wehlise inani lezingxenye ezisengozini kuyilapho uqinisekisa umthamo wokuthwala. Isistimu yokumiswa ngokuyinhloko isebenzisa ukumiswa kwangaphambili okuzimele kanye nokumiswa kweqabunga kwasemuva kwentwasahlobo, okuqinisekisa kokubili ukunethezeka kokugibela kanye nobunzima bokulungisa obunciphile.
Izindleko zokunakekela amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe ziphansi kunalezo zamamodeli edizili. Mayelana nezikhathi zokunakekela, amabhasi kaphethiloli adinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile njalo ngamakhilomitha ayi-10,000, ikakhulukazi okubandakanya ukushintshwa kukawoyela wenjini, isihlungi sikawoyela, nesihlungi somoya; inqubo ilula futhi iyashesha. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esilula sezinjini zikaphethiloli kanye nomkhawulo ophansi wezobuchwepheshe wokulungiswa, ukulungiswa okuningi kungaqedwa ezitolo ezijwayelekile zokulungisa izimoto, ngaphandle kwesidingo semishini ekhethekile yokukhanda udizili kanye nochwepheshe.
Ukunikezwa kwezingxenye ezitholakalayo nezithengekayo kungenye inzuzo enkulu. Izingxenye ezijwayelekile zokugqokwa njengezihlungi zikawoyela nama-spark plug zinenani lentengo eliphakathi nendawo elingama-50% -60% kuphela lalawo amamodeli edizili. Mayelana nezindleko zomshwalense, iprimiyamu yomshuwalense yaminyaka yonke yamabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe ngokuvamile iphansi ngo-10% -15% kunaleyo yamamodeli edizili anamandla okuhlala afanayo, okuqhubeka nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside.
Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ezokuthutha abagibeli bebanga elifushane kanye nezimo ze-shuttle zasemadolobheni nasemaphandleni, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe asephenduke uhlobo lwezimoto olukhethwayo ngenxa yobukhulu bemizimba yabo eguquguqukayo kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ukonga. Usayizi wabo ohlangene ubavumela ukuba baphathe kalula izidingo zokuma zemigwaqo emincane neziteshi zabagibeli ezilula ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe nawo enza kahle ezimeni zamabhasi e-microcirculation yasemadolobheni. Eminye imizila yesitimela esuka kumzila wesitimela ohamba ngaphansi komphakathi emadolobheni esigaba sokuqala nesesibili isebenzisa amabhasi asetshenziswa uphethiloli angamamitha angu-8, anezihlalo ezingu-30. Ukusebenza kwawo okuvumelana nezimo nokukhishwa kwesisi esiphansi kushintshana nezimfuneko zethrafikhi zemigwaqo yomphakathi yangaphakathi nezindawo ezibalulekile, ukuxazulula ngempumelelo inkinga yokuhamba "yemayela lokugcina".
Ama-shuttles angaphakathi ezindaweni ezibukekayo angesinye sezimo eziyisisekelo zokufaka isicelo samabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe. Ezindaweni ezinezintaba ezibukekayo kanye nezindawo ezinhle zedolobha lasendulo, lapho imigwaqo iyingcingo futhi imazombezombe, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenziswa ngamamitha angu-7-8 angakwazi ukuhamba ngendlela eguquguqukayo, kuyilapho umsindo wawo ophansi wokusebenza ungalimazi imvelo yemvelo yendawo ebabazekayo.
Ezinye izindawo ezibukeka kahle ziguqule amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe aba amabhasi ahambayo anetimu, ahlanganisa izici zamasiko ngokudweba kwangaphandle nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi. Izibonelo zifaka amabhasi apendiwe esitayela sakudala emadolobheni asendulo namabhasi anetimu yemvelo ezindaweni zemvelo ezibukeka kahle. Lokhu akuhlinzeki ngezokuthutha kuphela kodwa futhi kuba izici ezihlukile zendawo ebukekayo, okuthuthukisa isithombe sayo somkhiqizo.
Ezimeni zokuya ezinkampanini, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe anikeza isixazululo esinomnotho nesilungele amabhizinisi aphakathi nendawo namakhulu.
Ezimweni zohambo lwamaqembu amancane, njengohambo lokufunda lwesikole, ukwakhiwa kweqembu lezinkampani, nohambo lomndeni, ukuguquguquka kwamabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe kugqama nakakhulu. Amamodeli ahlala abantu abangu-30-40 angakwazi ukufanisa ngokunembile izidingo zabagibeli zamaqembu amancane naphakathi nendawo, agweme ukumoshwa kwensiza kwamabhasi amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo zokuhlala zingashintshwa ngokushesha futhi nezindawo zokuzijabulisa zengezwe ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zomuntu siqu zamaqembu ahlukene, okuwenza abe indlela yokuthutha ekhethwayo yamaqembu amancane naphakathi.
Amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe, anezinzuzo zawo eziyinhloko zezindleko zokuthenga eziphansi, ukusebenza okuvumelana nezimo, nokunakekelwa okufanele, abonisa inani elibalulekile ezimweni ze-niche ezifana nezokuthutha abagibeli bebanga elifushane naphakathi, amashuttle asendaweni ebukekayo, kanye nokuhamba kweqembu elincane nelimaphakathi. Idizayini yazo yangaphandle ecwengekile neguquguqukayo, ukwakheka kwendawo eklanywe ngokwesayensi, ukusabela kwamandla asheshayo, nezinketho zokuhlela ezihlukahlukene kuzenza zibe inketho ekahle kubathengi abanesabelomali esilinganiselwe ababeka kuqala ukuguquguquka kokusebenza.
Kubasebenzisi abafana nabaqhubi bezindawo ze-scenic, abahlinzeki bezokuthutha zabagibeli basemaphandleni, nabagibeli bezinkampani, amabhasi kaphethiloli asetshenzisiwe awehlisi nje kuphela umkhawulo wokusebenza kodwa futhi athuthukisa ikhwalithi yesevisi ngokuguquguquka kokusebenza kwezimo, ukuba uzakwethu onamandla ekuqhubeni ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi. Ukukhetha ibhasi likaphethiloli eselisetshenzisiwe kusho ukukhetha isixazululo sezokuthutha esisebenza kahle, esiyongayo, nesivumelana nezimo.
